1:"$Sreact.fragment" 2:I[97308,["/_next/static/chunks/3dc22d5acfdf5334.js","/_next/static/chunks/cdd28f69a3878dba.js"],"default"] 3:I[38991,["/_next/static/chunks/3dc22d5acfdf5334.js","/_next/static/chunks/cdd28f69a3878dba.js"],"default"] 7:I[16778,["/_next/static/chunks/3dc22d5acfdf5334.js","/_next/static/chunks/cdd28f69a3878dba.js"],"OutletBoundary"] 8:"$Sreact.suspense" a:I[16778,["/_next/static/chunks/3dc22d5acfdf5334.js","/_next/static/chunks/cdd28f69a3878dba.js"],"ViewportBoundary"] c:I[16778,["/_next/static/chunks/3dc22d5acfdf5334.js","/_next/static/chunks/cdd28f69a3878dba.js"],"MetadataBoundary"] e:I[4959,[],"default"] :HL["/_next/static/chunks/6d269c3757721595.css","style"] :HL["/_next/static/chunks/9f72dc75c3cc1e29.css","style"] :HC["/",""] 0:{"P":null,"b":"NfzWWYoTUsXjDOT6DufXq","c":["","en","themes","counter-attack"],"q":"","i":false,"f":[[["",{"children":[["lang","en","d"],{"children":["themes",{"children":[["slug","counter-attack","d"],{"children":["__PAGE__",{}]}]}]}]},"$undefined","$undefined",true],[["$","$1","c",{"children":[[["$","link","0",{"rel":"stylesheet","href":"/_next/static/chunks/6d269c3757721595.css","precedence":"next","crossOrigin":"$undefined","nonce":"$undefined"}]],["$","$L2",null,{"parallelRouterKey":"children","error":"$undefined","errorStyles":"$undefined","errorScripts":"$undefined","template":["$","$L3",null,{}],"templateStyles":"$undefined","templateScripts":"$undefined","notFound":["$L4",[]],"forbidden":"$undefined","unauthorized":"$undefined"}]]}],{"children":[["$","$1","c",{"children":[[["$","link","0",{"rel":"stylesheet","href":"/_next/static/chunks/9f72dc75c3cc1e29.css","precedence":"next","crossOrigin":"$undefined","nonce":"$undefined"}],["$","script","script-0",{"src":"/_next/static/chunks/78f2cc840ae187ec.js","async":true,"nonce":"$undefined"}],["$","script","script-1",{"src":"/_next/static/chunks/6613024481647519.js","async":true,"nonce":"$undefined"}],["$","script","script-2",{"src":"/_next/static/chunks/e894e945674dca2e.js","async":true,"nonce":"$undefined"}],["$","script","script-3",{"src":"/_next/static/chunks/8e67d101dfc8e2ae.js","async":true,"nonce":"$undefined"}],["$","script","script-4",{"src":"/_next/static/chunks/9783a024c6e95e83.js","async":true,"nonce":"$undefined"}]],"$L5"]}],{"children":[["$","$1","c",{"children":[null,["$","$L2",null,{"parallelRouterKey":"children","error":"$undefined","errorStyles":"$undefined","errorScripts":"$undefined","template":["$","$L3",null,{}],"templateStyles":"$undefined","templateScripts":"$undefined","notFound":"$undefined","forbidden":"$undefined","unauthorized":"$undefined"}]]}],{"children":[["$","$1","c",{"children":[null,["$","$L2",null,{"parallelRouterKey":"children","error":"$undefined","errorStyles":"$undefined","errorScripts":"$undefined","template":["$","$L3",null,{}],"templateStyles":"$undefined","templateScripts":"$undefined","notFound":"$undefined","forbidden":"$undefined","unauthorized":"$undefined"}]]}],{"children":[["$","$1","c",{"children":["$L6",[["$","script","script-0",{"src":"/_next/static/chunks/e61bc69494398612.js","async":true,"nonce":"$undefined"}]],["$","$L7",null,{"children":["$","$8",null,{"name":"Next.MetadataOutlet","children":"$@9"}]}]]}],{},null,false,false]},null,false,false]},null,false,false]},null,false,false]},null,false,false],["$","$1","h",{"children":[null,["$","$La",null,{"children":"$Lb"}],["$","div",null,{"hidden":true,"children":["$","$Lc",null,{"children":["$","$8",null,{"name":"Next.Metadata","children":"$Ld"}]}]}],["$","meta",null,{"name":"next-size-adjust","content":""}]]}],false]],"m":"$undefined","G":["$e",[]],"S":true} 4:["$","html",null,{"lang":"fr","children":["$","body",null,{"className":"min-h-screen bg-background font-sans antialiased","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"relative flex min-h-screen flex-col items-center justify-center px-4 text-center","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"pointer-events-none absolute inset-0 overflow-hidden opacity-40","children":[["$","svg","0",{"aria-hidden":"true","className":"size-4 text-foreground absolute animate-float opacity-30 size-10 text-foreground","viewBox":"0 0 128 128","xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","style":{"top":"10%","left":"5%","right":"$undefined","animationDelay":"0s","animationDuration":"6s"},"children":["$","path",null,{"d":"M63.81 3.14C62.19 3.02 38.89 24.46 27 40.28c-6.75 8.98-14.14 21.14-16.12 31.69c-2.05 10.93.67 17.99 8.33 21.85c16.25 8.19 28.66-3.64 30.66-5.42c2.66-2.37 5.84-6.88 7.38-6.05c.76.41.2 7.84-.36 12.78c-.53 4.71-2.82 10.38-10.38 13.49s-10.71 3.22-13.49 5.67c-2.78 2.44-2.98 4.24-2.98 4.24l3.11 2.33l59.79-.22l2.33-1.65s-1.07-3.17-6.24-5.73c-4.13-2.05-8.1-3.11-12.59-5.75c-4.19-2.46-5.91-8.67-5.99-12.05c-.08-3.75-.87-13.19.09-13.67c1.51-.75 2.88 2.88 7.53 6.84c2.75 2.35 16.36 12.01 29.36 3.82c7.38-4.64 10.84-11.77 10.11-19.67c-1.24-13.31-12.7-28.98-21.44-38.92C82.18 18.02 65.79 3.29 63.81 3.14","fill":"currentColor"}]}],["$","svg","1",{"aria-hidden":"true","className":"size-4 text-red-600 absolute animate-float opacity-30 size-12 text-red-500","viewBox":"0 0 128 128","xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","style":{"top":"20%","left":"$undefined","right":"8%","animationDelay":"1s","animationDuration":"7s"},"children":["$","path",null,{"d":"M64.55 114.2s52.26-38.68 56.75-62.3c4.25-22.37-4.45-33.22-15.16-38.45C78.99.19 65.29 26.21 64 26.21S49.95.14 23.7 11.42C9.24 17.63 3.18 34.53 8.91 53.57c8.41 27.94 55.64 60.63 55.64 60.63","fill":"currentColor"}]}],["$","svg","2",{"aria-hidden":"true","className":"size-4 text-red-600 absolute animate-float opacity-30 size-8 text-red-500","viewBox":"0 0 128 128","xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","style":{"top":"60%","left":"10%","right":"$undefined","animationDelay":"2s","animationDuration":"5s"},"children":["$","path",null,{"d":"m20.93 59.68l43.21 58.38l43.01-58.44S70.08 7.66 69.12 6.19c-.95-1.47-2.6-3.3-4.86-3.3c-2.17 0-3.9 1.56-5.47 3.73c-1 1.42-37.86 53.06-37.86 53.06","fill":"currentColor"}]}],["$","svg","3",{"aria-hidden":"true","className":"size-4 text-foreground absolute animate-float opacity-30 size-10 text-foreground","viewBox":"0 0 128 128","xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","style":{"top":"70%","left":"$undefined","right":"5%","animationDelay":"0.5s","animationDuration":"8s"},"children":["$","path",null,{"d":"M64.42 3.2c-19.41 0-28.2 16.91-27.94 28.38c.32 14.17 9.41 18.67 8.53 20c-.88 1.32-5.96-5.88-19.7-2.79c-10.96 2.46-21.29 11.75-19.7 27.2c1.27 12.32 9.02 21.72 28.23 20.14c12.5-1.03 17.64-7.35 19.41-9.12s4.37-5.72 5.29-3.82c.57 1.18-.01 11.5-.08 15.03c-.06 2.92-1.88 5.99-4.33 8.01c-3.34 2.75-7.85 3.87-10.17 4.59c-4.34 1.33-7.63 1.73-9.33 3.43c-2.06 2.06-2.41 4.38-2.41 4.38h64.4s-1.02-3.12-4.85-5.32c-4.93-2.83-10.26-3.6-13.49-5.36s-4.95-3.43-5.33-5.64s-.45-16.37-.46-18.81c-.01-1.84 1.49-.84 2.59 1.05c.8 1.37 8.31 13.06 24.04 12.62s22.5-9.85 22.35-23.82S112.24 52.72 102.8 51c-9.75-1.78-17.06 2.5-17.79 1.47c-.74-1.03 7.84-7.25 7.79-20.58C92.76 20.25 84.13 3.2 64.42 3.2","fill":"currentColor"}]}],["$","svg","4",{"aria-hidden":"true","className":"size-4 text-foreground absolute animate-float opacity-30 size-6 text-foreground","viewBox":"0 0 128 128","xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","style":{"top":"30%","left":"15%","right":"$undefined","animationDelay":"3s","animationDuration":"6s"},"children":["$","path",null,{"d":"M63.81 3.14C62.19 3.02 38.89 24.46 27 40.28c-6.75 8.98-14.14 21.14-16.12 31.69c-2.05 10.93.67 17.99 8.33 21.85c16.25 8.19 28.66-3.64 30.66-5.42c2.66-2.37 5.84-6.88 7.38-6.05c.76.41.2 7.84-.36 12.78c-.53 4.71-2.82 10.38-10.38 13.49s-10.71 3.22-13.49 5.67c-2.78 2.44-2.98 4.24-2.98 4.24l3.11 2.33l59.79-.22l2.33-1.65s-1.07-3.17-6.24-5.73c-4.13-2.05-8.1-3.11-12.59-5.75c-4.19-2.46-5.91-8.67-5.99-12.05c-.08-3.75-.87-13.19.09-13.67c1.51-.75 2.88 2.88 7.53 6.84c2.75 2.35 16.36 12.01 29.36 3.82c7.38-4.64 10.84-11.77 10.11-19.67c-1.24-13.31-12.7-28.98-21.44-38.92C82.18 18.02 65.79 3.29 63.81 3.14","fill":"currentColor"}]}],"$Lf","$L10","$L11"]}],"$L12","$L13","$L14","$L15","$L16","$L17"]}]}]}] 18:I[73730,["/_next/static/chunks/78f2cc840ae187ec.js","/_next/static/chunks/6613024481647519.js","/_next/static/chunks/e894e945674dca2e.js","/_next/static/chunks/8e67d101dfc8e2ae.js","/_next/static/chunks/9783a024c6e95e83.js","/_next/static/chunks/e61bc69494398612.js"],""] f:["$","svg","5",{"aria-hidden":"true","className":"size-4 text-red-600 absolute animate-float opacity-30 size-8 text-red-500","viewBox":"0 0 128 128","xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","style":{"top":"50%","left":"$undefined","right":"12%","animationDelay":"1.5s","animationDuration":"7s"},"children":["$","path",null,{"d":"M64.55 114.2s52.26-38.68 56.75-62.3c4.25-22.37-4.45-33.22-15.16-38.45C78.99.19 65.29 26.21 64 26.21S49.95.14 23.7 11.42C9.24 17.63 3.18 34.53 8.91 53.57c8.41 27.94 55.64 60.63 55.64 60.63","fill":"currentColor"}]}] 10:["$","svg","6",{"aria-hidden":"true","className":"size-4 text-red-600 absolute animate-float opacity-30 size-6 text-red-500","viewBox":"0 0 128 128","xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","style":{"top":"15%","left":"20%","right":"$undefined","animationDelay":"2.5s","animationDuration":"5s"},"children":["$","path",null,{"d":"m20.93 59.68l43.21 58.38l43.01-58.44S70.08 7.66 69.12 6.19c-.95-1.47-2.6-3.3-4.86-3.3c-2.17 0-3.9 1.56-5.47 3.73c-1 1.42-37.86 53.06-37.86 53.06","fill":"currentColor"}]}] 11:["$","svg","7",{"aria-hidden":"true","className":"size-4 text-foreground absolute animate-float opacity-30 size-6 text-foreground","viewBox":"0 0 128 128","xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","style":{"top":"80%","left":"$undefined","right":"15%","animationDelay":"4s","animationDuration":"6s"},"children":["$","path",null,{"d":"M64.42 3.2c-19.41 0-28.2 16.91-27.94 28.38c.32 14.17 9.41 18.67 8.53 20c-.88 1.32-5.96-5.88-19.7-2.79c-10.96 2.46-21.29 11.75-19.7 27.2c1.27 12.32 9.02 21.72 28.23 20.14c12.5-1.03 17.64-7.35 19.41-9.12s4.37-5.72 5.29-3.82c.57 1.18-.01 11.5-.08 15.03c-.06 2.92-1.88 5.99-4.33 8.01c-3.34 2.75-7.85 3.87-10.17 4.59c-4.34 1.33-7.63 1.73-9.33 3.43c-2.06 2.06-2.41 4.38-2.41 4.38h64.4s-1.02-3.12-4.85-5.32c-4.93-2.83-10.26-3.6-13.49-5.36s-4.95-3.43-5.33-5.64s-.45-16.37-.46-18.81c-.01-1.84 1.49-.84 2.59 1.05c.8 1.37 8.31 13.06 24.04 12.62s22.5-9.85 22.35-23.82S112.24 52.72 102.8 51c-9.75-1.78-17.06 2.5-17.79 1.47c-.74-1.03 7.84-7.25 7.79-20.58C92.76 20.25 84.13 3.2 64.42 3.2","fill":"currentColor"}]}] 12:["$","div",null,{"className":"pointer-events-none absolute inset-0 overflow-hidden opacity-[0.015]","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"absolute inset-0","style":{"backgroundImage":"repeating-linear-gradient(\n -45deg,\n var(--foreground),\n var(--foreground) 1px,\n transparent 1px,\n transparent 40px\n )"}}]}] 19:[["$","source",null,{"srcSet":"/logo-512.webp","type":"image/webp"}],["$","source",null,{"srcSet":"/logo-512.png","type":"image/png"}],["$","img",null,{"alt":"Bridge Training","height":80,"src":"/logo-512.png","width":228}]] 13:["$","$L18",null,{"className":"relative mb-10 flex items-center gap-3","href":"/fr","children":[["$","picture",null,{"children":"$19"}],["$","span",null,{"className":"sr-only font-semibold font-serif text-2xl tracking-tight","children":"Bridge Training"}]]}] 14:["$","h1",null,{"className":"relative font-bold font-serif text-8xl text-primary md:text-9xl","children":"404"}] 15:["$","h2",null,{"className":"relative mt-6 font-semibold font-serif text-2xl md:text-3xl","children":"Page non trouvée"}] 16:["$","p",null,{"className":"relative mt-3 max-w-md text-muted-foreground","children":"La page que vous recherchez n'existe pas ou a été déplacée."}] 17:["$","$L18",null,{"href":"/fr","children":[["$","svg",null,{"ref":"$undefined","xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","width":24,"height":24,"viewBox":"0 0 24 24","fill":"none","stroke":"currentColor","strokeWidth":2,"strokeLinecap":"round","strokeLinejoin":"round","className":"lucide lucide-arrow-left","aria-hidden":"true","children":[["$","path","1l729n",{"d":"m12 19-7-7 7-7"}],["$","path","x3x0zl",{"d":"M19 12H5"}],"$undefined"]}],"Retour à l'accueil"],"className":"inline-flex shrink-0 items-center justify-center gap-2 whitespace-nowrap rounded-md font-medium text-sm outline-none transition-all focus-visible:border-ring focus-visible:ring-[3px] focus-visible:ring-ring/50 disabled:pointer-events-none disabled:opacity-50 aria-invalid:border-destructive aria-invalid:ring-destructive/20 dark:aria-invalid:ring-destructive/40 [&_svg:not([class*='size-'])]:size-4 [&_svg]:pointer-events-none [&_svg]:shrink-0 bg-primary text-primary-foreground hover:bg-primary/90 h-9 px-4 py-2 has-[>svg]:px-3 relative mt-10","data-slot":"button","ref":null}] b:[["$","meta","0",{"charSet":"utf-8"}],["$","meta","1",{"name":"viewport","content":"width=device-width, initial-scale=1"}]] 1a:I[61595,["/_next/static/chunks/78f2cc840ae187ec.js","/_next/static/chunks/6613024481647519.js","/_next/static/chunks/e894e945674dca2e.js","/_next/static/chunks/8e67d101dfc8e2ae.js","/_next/static/chunks/9783a024c6e95e83.js"],"LanguageBannerWrapper"] 1b:I[5386,["/_next/static/chunks/78f2cc840ae187ec.js","/_next/static/chunks/6613024481647519.js","/_next/static/chunks/e894e945674dca2e.js","/_next/static/chunks/8e67d101dfc8e2ae.js","/_next/static/chunks/9783a024c6e95e83.js"],"Header"] 5:["$","html",null,{"lang":"en","children":["$","body",null,{"className":"epunda_slab_d8060e30-module__LRenkW__variable noto_sans_9163088b-module__FxwfeG__variable min-h-screen bg-background font-sans antialiased","children":[["$","$L1a",null,{"dictionary":{"message":"It looks like you prefer","stayIn":"Stay in"},"locale":"en"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"flex min-h-screen flex-col","children":[["$","$L1b",null,{"dictionary":{"languageBanner":"$5:props:children:props:children:0:props:dictionary","common":{"learnMore":"Learn more","getStarted":"Get started","signIn":"Sign in","signUp":"Create my teacher workspace","selectLanguage":"Select language"},"nav":{"about":"About","aboutDescription":"Learn more about Bridge Training and our mission","faq":"FAQ","faqDescription":"Frequently asked questions","donate":"Support","donateDescription":"Support the development of Bridge Training","features":"Features","menu":"Menu","themes":"Themes","themesDescription":"Discover learning themes","partners":"Partners"},"home":{"hero":{"title":"Play and teach bridge","subtitle":"Collaborative platform dedicated to bridge for creating and sharing playable deals, and practicing by themes.","cta":"Play a deal","cta2":"Sign in"},"features":{"title":"Why choose Bridge Training?","subtitle":"Modern educational tools to progress efficiently","items":{"interactive":{"title":"Interactive exercises","description":"Practice with real deals and receive instant feedback on your bidding and card play."},"progress":{"title":"Progress tracking","description":"Visualize your progress and identify your strengths and areas for improvement."},"community":{"title":"Active community","description":"Join thousands of passionate players and share your love of bridge."},"multilingual":{"title":"Multilingual","description":"Available in 10 languages for an accessible experience for everyone."}}},"roles":{"title":"","teacher":{"title":"I am a teacher","description":"Create or import an educational deal. Generate a link for playing this deal against 3 AIs. With a teacher workspace: access a shared library, manage and share your sessions.","cta":"Create a deal","cta2":"Create my teacher workspace"},"player":{"title":"I am a player","description":"Improve by playing themed deals, from beginner to advanced level, against 3 AIs. Comments will help you progress deal by deal, at your own pace.","cta":"Browse deals by themes"}},"themes":{"title":"Deals by theme","subtitle":"A complete program covering all aspects of bridge","dealsAvailable":"playable deals","levelDescription":"Each theme offers deals sorted by 4 difficulty levels for gradual progression.","levelLabel":"Lvl.","items":["Natural bidding","Card play","Defense","Conventions","Signaling","Competitive situations"]},"faqPreview":{"title":"Frequently asked questions","viewAll":"View all questions"},"platform":{"title":"A pedagogical bridge platform","intro":"bridge-training.com is a collaborative platform for learning and teaching bridge with playable exercises. It is free, funded by advertising and donations, and aims to develop bridge.","learnMoreLink":"Learn more","illustration":{"playerPosition":"South","themeName":"Finesses"},"features":[{"title":"Create and share","description":"Teachers quickly create training deals playable against three AIs, then share a link with their students."},{"title":"Teacher workspace","description":"They access a deal library and advanced session management (sharing, reuse, organization)."},{"title":"Practice freely","description":"Players practice by theme, directly in the browser, without installation or registration."}],"footer":"By publishing content, you confirm that you have the necessary rights and agree that it may be reused by the community, in accordance with the","termsLink":"Terms of Service"}},"about":{"title":"About Bridge Training","subtitle":"Pedagogical platform dedicated to bridge, designed to facilitate learning and teaching through exercises playable directly online."},"partners":{"title":"Partner Sites","subtitle":"This page lists websites, projects, and initiatives that each contribute, in their own way, to promoting bridge and spreading educational tools."},"faq":{"title":"Frequently Asked Questions","subtitle":"Find answers to your most common questions","items":[{"question":"Is it free?","answer":"Yes, bridge-training is free for both teachers and players."},{"question":"Do I need to create an account?","answer":"No. An account is only required for advanced teacher features (shared library, sessions, etc.). Creating a link to a deal or playing a deal does not require registration."},{"question":"What level is bridge-training suitable for?","answer":"From beginner to advanced player."},{"question":"What are the possible uses?","answer":"You can use bridge-training in class to discuss deals, but especially outside of sessions to have students play or replay educational deals independently. You can also embed links on a website, in a post, in a video comment, or via a QR code in a magazine."},{"question":"How does the system bid?","answer":"bridge-training does not bid. The teacher enters the recommended sequence. The player must reproduce it. In case of error, they get a second chance; if they make another mistake, their bid is replaced by the expected bid."},{"question":"How does the system play?","answer":"bridge-training determines at each moment, with all four hands visible, a list of optimal cards. It then uses an algorithm to select the card a human would most likely play among them. The system therefore never gives away tricks, and every player faces the same defense."},{"question":"Can you take back a played card?","answer":"Yes. bridge-training is a learning system (not a competitive game). You can go back, return to the start of the card play, or skip to the end of the deal."},{"question":"Can you get help during play?","answer":"Yes. At any moment, you can view the list of optimal cards to play, with all four hands visible."},{"question":"Can you impose a specific opening lead?","answer":"Yes. The teacher can impose as many cards as they want at the start of a deal. This allows constraining the system to play in a specific way if necessary. It is recommended to verify how the AI plays before publishing a deal."},{"question":"Can you add comments?","answer":"Yes. For each bid and each imposed card, a comment can be displayed. A final comment accompanying all four hands is also available."},{"question":"Can a player be placed on defense?","answer":"Yes. For convenience, the declarer is always South and the player is always at the bottom of the screen. They can be placed as South, North, East, or West."},{"question":"What signaling does the system use?","answer":"When the AI plays with the player, it gives standard count (high-low = even) and top of sequence, and does not make suit preference signals. When two AIs play on defense, they do not signal count."},{"question":"Can you set the player's objective?","answer":"Yes. The objective is expressed as a number of tricks for North-South. The player earns three stars if they reach the objective, then one less star per trick missed."},{"question":"Are there multiple play options?","answer":"Yes, many. You can show or hide the bidding sequence, show only the contract, play mini-bridge, or play Petit Bridge (a 10-card variant)."}]},"donate":{"title":"Support Bridge Training","subtitle":"Help us develop the best bridge learning platform","modal":{"title":"Support Bridge Training","description":"Your donation helps us keep the platform free and continuously improve it.","oneTime":"One-time","monthly":"Monthly","currency":"€","custom":"Custom amount","manageSubscription":"Manage my subscription"}},"footer":{"navigation":"Navigation","legal":"Legal","copyright":"Bridge Training. All rights reserved.","privacyPolicy":"Privacy Policy","privacyPolicyDescription":"Privacy policy and data protection information for Bridge Training.","termsOfService":"Terms of Service","termsOfServiceDescription":"Terms of service and conditions of use for Bridge Training.","legalNotice":"Legal Notice","legalNoticeDescription":"Legal notice and publisher information for Bridge Training.","contact":"Contact","translationIssue":{"trigger":"Report translation issue","title":"Translation issue","description":"Spot something that reads oddly? Let us know so we can improve it.","action":"Report translation issue","close":"Close"}},"notFound":{"title":"Page not found","description":"The page you are looking for does not exist or has been moved.","backHome":"Back to home"},"ogImage":{"title":"Play and teach bridge","description":"Collaborative platform dedicated to bridge for creating and sharing playable deals, and practicing by themes."},"themesPage":{"title":"Training Themes","subtitle":"Improve your bridge skills with targeted exercises by technical theme. Each theme offers deals sorted by difficulty level.","badge":"Themed exercises","viewTheme":"View exercises"},"theme":{"heroDescription":"{count} deals to master {theme}","cta":{"principles":"View principles","deals":"Go to deals"},"toc":"On this page","backToTop":"Back to top","footerNote":"All links are active: each button opens a deal in a new tab.","principles":"Principles","faq":"FAQ","level":"Level","deal":"Deal","opensNewTab":"opens in a new tab","exercisesCount":"{count} deals sorted by difficulty","breadcrumb":{"home":"Home","themes":"Themes"},"navigation":{"previous":"Previous theme","next":"Next theme"},"seo":{"metaTitle":"Bridge — {theme}: principles and exercises","metaDescription":"Learn {theme} in bridge: essential principles and exercises sorted by level to improve quickly.","ogTitle":"{theme} — bridge exercises","ogDescription":"Key principles and progression by level: play deals to master {theme} in bridge."}}},"lang":"en","themes":[{"slug":"short-hand-ruff","title":"Ruffing in the short hand","description":"Ruffing in the short hand is the number one technique in trump play at bridge.","shortDescription":"How to ruff effectively?","colorTheme":"green","isMockup":false,"dealCount":32},{"slug":"discard","title":"Discarding","description":"Knowing how to discard correctly is essential to avoid giving information to the opponents.","shortDescription":"Which card can you throw away safely?","colorTheme":"red","isMockup":false,"dealCount":32},{"slug":"suit-management","title":"Suit combinations","description":"Suit combinations are fundamental techniques used to optimise the number of tricks available in a suit.","shortDescription":"Should you take the finesse?","colorTheme":"blue","isMockup":false,"dealCount":32},{"slug":"suit-establishment","title":"Establishing a suit","description":"Establishing a suit allows you to create tricks by transforming losing cards into winners.","shortDescription":"How to promote your cards?","colorTheme":"amber","isMockup":true,"dealCount":0},{"slug":"reconstruction","title":"Reconstructing opponent hands","description":"Reconstruction allows you to deduce the distribution of opponent cards.","shortDescription":"How to see through the cards?","colorTheme":"blue","isMockup":true,"dealCount":0},{"slug":"counter-attack","title":"The counter-attack","description":"The counter-attack is a defensive technique to regain the initiative.","shortDescription":"What is the killing card?","colorTheme":"amber","isMockup":true,"dealCount":0}]}],"$L1c","$L1d"]}]]}]}] 1e:I[5146,["/_next/static/chunks/78f2cc840ae187ec.js","/_next/static/chunks/6613024481647519.js","/_next/static/chunks/e894e945674dca2e.js","/_next/static/chunks/8e67d101dfc8e2ae.js","/_next/static/chunks/9783a024c6e95e83.js"],"Footer"] 1c:["$","main",null,{"className":"flex-1","children":["$","$L2",null,{"parallelRouterKey":"children","error":"$undefined","errorStyles":"$undefined","errorScripts":"$undefined","template":["$","$L3",null,{}],"templateStyles":"$undefined","templateScripts":"$undefined","notFound":"$undefined","forbidden":"$undefined","unauthorized":"$undefined"}]}] 1d:["$","$L1e",null,{"dictionary":"$5:props:children:props:children:1:props:children:0:props:dictionary","lang":"en"}] 6:[["$","script",null,{"dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https://bridge-training.com/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"The counter-attack\",\"item\":\"https://bridge-training.com/en/themes/counter-attack\"}]}"},"type":"application/ld+json"}],["$","script",null,{"dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[]}"},"type":"application/ld+json"}],["$","div",null,{"className":"theme-amber flex flex-col","id":"top","children":[["$","section",null,{"className":"group/card-parent relative overflow-hidden bg-white after:absolute after:inset-x-0 after:bottom-0 after:z-[2] after:h-px after:bg-[size:16px_1px] after:bg-linear-to-r after:from-50% after:from-transparent after:to-50% after:to-primary/20","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"pointer-events-none absolute inset-0 overflow-hidden opacity-[0.015]","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"absolute inset-0","style":{"backgroundImage":"repeating-linear-gradient(\n -45deg,\n var(--foreground),\n var(--foreground) 1px,\n transparent 1px,\n transparent 40px\n )"}}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"@container container relative mx-auto","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"relative max-w-5xl px-4 pt-20 md:px-8 md:pt-28","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"pointer-events-none absolute inset-0 overflow-hidden opacity-40 max-xs:hidden","children":[["$","svg","0",{"aria-hidden":"true","className":"size-4 text-foreground absolute animate-float opacity-30 size-10 text-foreground","viewBox":"0 0 128 128","xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","style":{"top":"5%","left":"$undefined","right":"28%","animationDelay":"0s","animationDuration":"7s"},"children":["$","path",null,{"d":"M63.81 3.14C62.19 3.02 38.89 24.46 27 40.28c-6.75 8.98-14.14 21.14-16.12 31.69c-2.05 10.93.67 17.99 8.33 21.85c16.25 8.19 28.66-3.64 30.66-5.42c2.66-2.37 5.84-6.88 7.38-6.05c.76.41.2 7.84-.36 12.78c-.53 4.71-2.82 10.38-10.38 13.49s-10.71 3.22-13.49 5.67c-2.78 2.44-2.98 4.24-2.98 4.24l3.11 2.33l59.79-.22l2.33-1.65s-1.07-3.17-6.24-5.73c-4.13-2.05-8.1-3.11-12.59-5.75c-4.19-2.46-5.91-8.67-5.99-12.05c-.08-3.75-.87-13.19.09-13.67c1.51-.75 2.88 2.88 7.53 6.84c2.75 2.35 16.36 12.01 29.36 3.82c7.38-4.64 10.84-11.77 10.11-19.67c-1.24-13.31-12.7-28.98-21.44-38.92C82.18 18.02 65.79 3.29 63.81 3.14","fill":"currentColor"}]}],["$","svg","1",{"aria-hidden":"true","className":"size-4 text-red-600 absolute animate-float opacity-30 size-6 text-red-500","viewBox":"0 0 128 128","xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","style":{"top":"24%","left":"$undefined","right":"18%","animationDelay":"1.5s","animationDuration":"6s"},"children":["$","path",null,{"d":"M64.55 114.2s52.26-38.68 56.75-62.3c4.25-22.37-4.45-33.22-15.16-38.45C78.99.19 65.29 26.21 64 26.21S49.95.14 23.7 11.42C9.24 17.63 3.18 34.53 8.91 53.57c8.41 27.94 55.64 60.63 55.64 60.63","fill":"currentColor"}]}],["$","svg","2",{"aria-hidden":"true","className":"size-4 text-red-600 absolute animate-float opacity-30 size-8 text-red-500","viewBox":"0 0 128 128","xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","style":{"top":"14%","left":"$undefined","right":"8%","animationDelay":"0.5s","animationDuration":"8s"},"children":["$","path",null,{"d":"m20.93 59.68l43.21 58.38l43.01-58.44S70.08 7.66 69.12 6.19c-.95-1.47-2.6-3.3-4.86-3.3c-2.17 0-3.9 1.56-5.47 3.73c-1 1.42-37.86 53.06-37.86 53.06","fill":"currentColor"}]}],["$","svg","3",{"aria-hidden":"true","className":"size-4 text-foreground absolute animate-float opacity-30 size-10 text-foreground","viewBox":"0 0 128 128","xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","style":{"top":"60%","left":"$undefined","right":"5%","animationDelay":"2s","animationDuration":"7s"},"children":"$L1f"}],"$L20"]}],"$L21","$L22"]}]}]]}],"$L23","$L24"]}]] 25:I[94321,["/_next/static/chunks/78f2cc840ae187ec.js","/_next/static/chunks/6613024481647519.js","/_next/static/chunks/e894e945674dca2e.js","/_next/static/chunks/8e67d101dfc8e2ae.js","/_next/static/chunks/9783a024c6e95e83.js","/_next/static/chunks/e61bc69494398612.js"],"Image"] 26:I[13607,["/_next/static/chunks/78f2cc840ae187ec.js","/_next/static/chunks/6613024481647519.js","/_next/static/chunks/e894e945674dca2e.js","/_next/static/chunks/8e67d101dfc8e2ae.js","/_next/static/chunks/9783a024c6e95e83.js","/_next/static/chunks/e61bc69494398612.js"],"ThemeProvider"] 27:I[89722,["/_next/static/chunks/78f2cc840ae187ec.js","/_next/static/chunks/6613024481647519.js","/_next/static/chunks/e894e945674dca2e.js","/_next/static/chunks/8e67d101dfc8e2ae.js","/_next/static/chunks/9783a024c6e95e83.js","/_next/static/chunks/e61bc69494398612.js"],"BackToTop"] 1f:["$","path",null,{"d":"M64.42 3.2c-19.41 0-28.2 16.91-27.94 28.38c.32 14.17 9.41 18.67 8.53 20c-.88 1.32-5.96-5.88-19.7-2.79c-10.96 2.46-21.29 11.75-19.7 27.2c1.27 12.32 9.02 21.72 28.23 20.14c12.5-1.03 17.64-7.35 19.41-9.12s4.37-5.72 5.29-3.82c.57 1.18-.01 11.5-.08 15.03c-.06 2.92-1.88 5.99-4.33 8.01c-3.34 2.75-7.85 3.87-10.17 4.59c-4.34 1.33-7.63 1.73-9.33 3.43c-2.06 2.06-2.41 4.38-2.41 4.38h64.4s-1.02-3.12-4.85-5.32c-4.93-2.83-10.26-3.6-13.49-5.36s-4.95-3.43-5.33-5.64s-.45-16.37-.46-18.81c-.01-1.84 1.49-.84 2.59 1.05c.8 1.37 8.31 13.06 24.04 12.62s22.5-9.85 22.35-23.82S112.24 52.72 102.8 51c-9.75-1.78-17.06 2.5-17.79 1.47c-.74-1.03 7.84-7.25 7.79-20.58C92.76 20.25 84.13 3.2 64.42 3.2","fill":"currentColor"}] 20:["$","svg","4",{"aria-hidden":"true","className":"size-4 text-foreground absolute animate-float opacity-30 size-6 text-foreground","viewBox":"0 0 128 128","xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","style":{"top":"75%","left":"$undefined","right":"12%","animationDelay":"1s","animationDuration":"6s"},"children":["$","path",null,{"d":"M63.81 3.14C62.19 3.02 38.89 24.46 27 40.28c-6.75 8.98-14.14 21.14-16.12 31.69c-2.05 10.93.67 17.99 8.33 21.85c16.25 8.19 28.66-3.64 30.66-5.42c2.66-2.37 5.84-6.88 7.38-6.05c.76.41.2 7.84-.36 12.78c-.53 4.71-2.82 10.38-10.38 13.49s-10.71 3.22-13.49 5.67c-2.78 2.44-2.98 4.24-2.98 4.24l3.11 2.33l59.79-.22l2.33-1.65s-1.07-3.17-6.24-5.73c-4.13-2.05-8.1-3.11-12.59-5.75c-4.19-2.46-5.91-8.67-5.99-12.05c-.08-3.75-.87-13.19.09-13.67c1.51-.75 2.88 2.88 7.53 6.84c2.75 2.35 16.36 12.01 29.36 3.82c7.38-4.64 10.84-11.77 10.11-19.67c-1.24-13.31-12.7-28.98-21.44-38.92C82.18 18.02 65.79 3.29 63.81 3.14","fill":"currentColor"}]}] 21:["$","div",null,{"className":"space-y-8","children":[["$","nav",null,{"aria-label":"breadcrumb","data-slot":"breadcrumb","className":"mb-6","children":["$","ol",null,{"className":"flex flex-wrap items-center gap-1.5 break-words text-muted-foreground text-sm sm:gap-2.5","data-slot":"breadcrumb-list","children":[["$","li",null,{"className":"inline-flex items-center gap-1.5","data-slot":"breadcrumb-item","children":["$","$L18",null,{"href":"/en","children":"Home","className":"transition-colors hover:text-foreground","data-slot":"breadcrumb-link","ref":null}]}],["$","li",null,{"aria-hidden":"true","className":"[&>svg]:size-3.5","data-slot":"breadcrumb-separator","role":"presentation","children":["$","svg",null,{"ref":"$undefined","xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","width":24,"height":24,"viewBox":"0 0 24 24","fill":"none","stroke":"currentColor","strokeWidth":2,"strokeLinecap":"round","strokeLinejoin":"round","className":"lucide lucide-chevron-right","aria-hidden":"true","children":[["$","path","mthhwq",{"d":"m9 18 6-6-6-6"}],"$undefined"]}]}],["$","li",null,{"className":"inline-flex items-center gap-1.5","data-slot":"breadcrumb-item","children":["$","span",null,{"aria-current":"page","aria-disabled":"true","className":"font-normal text-foreground","data-slot":"breadcrumb-page","role":"link","children":"The counter-attack"}]}]]}]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"space-y-2","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"inline-flex items-center gap-2 rounded-full border border-primary/20 bg-primary/5 px-4 py-2 text-primary text-sm","children":[["$","svg",null,{"ref":"$undefined","xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","width":24,"height":24,"viewBox":"0 0 24 24","fill":"none","stroke":"currentColor","strokeWidth":2,"strokeLinecap":"round","strokeLinejoin":"round","className":"lucide lucide-book-open h-4 w-4","aria-hidden":"true","children":[["$","path","1akyts",{"d":"M12 7v14"}],["$","path","ruj8y",{"d":"M3 18a1 1 0 0 1-1-1V4a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h5a4 4 0 0 1 4 4 4 4 0 0 1 4-4h5a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v13a1 1 0 0 1-1 1h-6a3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3z"}],"$undefined"]}],["$","span",null,{"children":"Themed exercises"}]]}],["$","h1",null,{"className":"font-semibold font-serif text-4xl tracking-tight md:text-5xl","children":"The counter-attack"}],["$","p",null,{"className":"text-lg text-muted-foreground","children":"0 deals to master the counter-attack"}]]}],["$","div",null,{"className":"grid max-w-128 @md:grid-cols-2 gap-2","children":[["$","a",null,{"href":"#principles","children":"View principles","className":"inline-flex shrink-0 items-center justify-center gap-2 whitespace-nowrap font-medium text-sm outline-none transition-all focus-visible:border-ring focus-visible:ring-[3px] focus-visible:ring-ring/50 disabled:pointer-events-none disabled:opacity-50 aria-invalid:border-destructive aria-invalid:ring-destructive/20 dark:aria-invalid:ring-destructive/40 [&_svg:not([class*='size-'])]:size-4 [&_svg]:pointer-events-none [&_svg]:shrink-0 border bg-background shadow-xs hover:bg-accent hover:text-accent-foreground dark:border-input dark:bg-input/30 dark:hover:bg-input/50 h-9 px-4 py-2 has-[>svg]:px-3 rounded-full","data-slot":"button","ref":null}],["$","a",null,{"href":"#level-1","children":"Go to deals","className":"inline-flex shrink-0 items-center justify-center gap-2 whitespace-nowrap font-medium text-sm outline-none transition-all focus-visible:border-ring focus-visible:ring-[3px] focus-visible:ring-ring/50 disabled:pointer-events-none disabled:opacity-50 aria-invalid:border-destructive aria-invalid:ring-destructive/20 dark:aria-invalid:ring-destructive/40 [&_svg:not([class*='size-'])]:size-4 [&_svg]:pointer-events-none [&_svg]:shrink-0 bg-primary text-primary-foreground hover:bg-primary/90 h-9 px-4 py-2 has-[>svg]:px-3 rounded-full","data-slot":"button","ref":null}]]}]]}] 22:["$","div",null,{"className":"@container h-32 sm:h-52","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"pointer-events-none absolute right-0 bottom-0 z-[1] flex translate-y-1/2 items-end -space-x-8","children":[["$","$L25",null,{"alt":"AH playing card","className":"aspect-[216/336] @3xl:w-40 @md:w-28 @xl:w-32 w-24 transition-transform sm:group-hover/card-parent:-translate-y-16 z-[1] -rotate-6 duration-[0.4s]","data-slot":"playing-card","height":336,"src":"/cards/AH.svg","width":216}],["$","$L25",null,{"alt":"KD playing card","className":"aspect-[216/336] @3xl:w-40 @md:w-28 @xl:w-32 w-24 transition-transform sm:group-hover/card-parent:-translate-y-16 z-[2] duration-[0.53s]","data-slot":"playing-card","height":336,"src":"/cards/KD.svg","width":216}],["$","$L25",null,{"alt":"QS playing card","className":"aspect-[216/336] @3xl:w-40 @md:w-28 @xl:w-32 w-24 transition-transform sm:group-hover/card-parent:-translate-y-16 z-[3] rotate-6 duration-[0.6s]","data-slot":"playing-card","height":336,"src":"/cards/QS.svg","width":216}]]}]}] 23:["$","section",null,{"className":"container mx-auto","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"dashed-y relative grid max-w-7xl max-sm:after:hidden max-sm:before:hidden lg:grid-cols-[auto_1fr]","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"dashed-y relative max-w-5xl max-sm:after:hidden max-sm:before:hidden","children":[["$","div",null,{"className":"bg-white","children":[["$","$L26",null,{"value":{"deals":{"1":[],"2":[],"3":[],"4":[]},"faq":[],"labels":{"deal":"Deal","opensNewTab":"opens in a new tab","principles":"Principles","faq":"FAQ"}},"children":["$","section",null,{"className":"scroll-mt-20 bg-white px-4 py-8 md:px-8","id":"$undefined","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"space-y-4 text-base text-muted-foreground leading-7","children":["$","p",null,{"children":"The counter-attack is a defensive technique to regain the initiative. On defense, knowing when and how to counter-attack can make the difference between defeating or allowing the contract."}]}]}]}],["$","p",null,{"className":"px-4 py-12 text-muted-foreground text-sm md:px-8","children":"All links are active: each button opens a deal in a new tab."}]]}],null]}],["$","nav",null,{"className":"h-fit min-w-40 p-8 max-lg:hidden lg:sticky lg:top-18","children":[["$","p",null,{"className":"font-medium text-sm","children":"On this page"}],["$","ul",null,{"className":"mt-3 space-y-2 text-muted-foreground text-sm","children":[["$","li",null,{"children":["$","a",null,{"className":"transition-colors hover:text-foreground","href":"#principles","children":"Principles"}]}],["$","li",null,{"children":["$","a",null,{"className":"transition-colors hover:text-foreground","href":"#level-1","children":["Level"," 1"]}]}],["$","li",null,{"children":["$","a",null,{"className":"transition-colors hover:text-foreground","href":"#level-2","children":["Level"," 2"]}]}],["$","li",null,{"children":["$","a",null,{"className":"transition-colors hover:text-foreground","href":"#level-3","children":["Level"," 3"]}]}],["$","li",null,{"children":["$","a",null,{"className":"transition-colors hover:text-foreground","href":"#level-4","children":["Level"," 4"]}]}],["$","li",null,{"children":["$","a",null,{"className":"transition-colors hover:text-foreground","href":"#faq","children":"FAQ"}]}]]}]]}]]}]}] 24:["$","$L27",null,{"label":"Back to top"}] 9:null d:[["$","title","0",{"children":"Bridge — the counter-attack: principles and exercises | Bridge Training"}],["$","meta","1",{"name":"description","content":"Learn the counter-attack in bridge: essential principles and exercises sorted by level to improve quickly."}],["$","meta","2",{"name":"robots","content":"index, follow"}],["$","link","3",{"rel":"canonical","href":"https://bridge-training.com/en/themes/counter-attack"}],["$","link","4",{"rel":"alternate","hrefLang":"x-default","href":"https://bridge-training.com/fr/themes/contre-attaque"}],["$","link","5",{"rel":"alternate","hrefLang":"ca","href":"https://bridge-training.com/ca/themes/counter-attack"}],["$","link","6",{"rel":"alternate","hrefLang":"de","href":"https://bridge-training.com/de/themes/counter-attack"}],["$","link","7",{"rel":"alternate","hrefLang":"en","href":"https://bridge-training.com/en/themes/counter-attack"}],["$","link","8",{"rel":"alternate","hrefLang":"es","href":"https://bridge-training.com/es/themes/counter-attack"}],["$","link","9",{"rel":"alternate","hrefLang":"fr","href":"https://bridge-training.com/fr/themes/contre-attaque"}],["$","link","10",{"rel":"alternate","hrefLang":"nl","href":"https://bridge-training.com/nl/themes/counter-attack"}],["$","link","11",{"rel":"alternate","hrefLang":"pl","href":"https://bridge-training.com/pl/themes/counter-attack"}],["$","link","12",{"rel":"alternate","hrefLang":"pt","href":"https://bridge-training.com/pt/themes/counter-attack"}],["$","link","13",{"rel":"alternate","hrefLang":"sv","href":"https://bridge-training.com/sv/themes/counter-attack"}],["$","link","14",{"rel":"alternate","hrefLang":"el","href":"https://bridge-training.com/el/themes/counter-attack"}],["$","meta","15",{"property":"og:title","content":"the counter-attack — bridge exercises | Bridge Training"}],["$","meta","16",{"property":"og:description","content":"Key principles and progression by level: play deals to master the counter-attack in bridge."}],["$","meta","17",{"property":"og:url","content":"https://bridge-training.com/en/themes/counter-attack"}],["$","meta","18",{"property":"og:site_name","content":"Bridge Training"}],["$","meta","19",{"property":"og:locale","content":"en_US"}],["$","meta","20",{"property":"og:type","content":"article"}],["$","meta","21",{"name":"twitter:card","content":"summary"}],["$","meta","22",{"name":"twitter:title","content":"the counter-attack — bridge exercises | Bridge Training"}],["$","meta","23",{"name":"twitter:description","content":"Key principles and progression by level: play deals to master the counter-attack in bridge."}]]